대학교 공부 & 과제 2016~2022/시스템관리

System Administration & about the Sysadmin

dev_jiwon 2022. 6. 24.

https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/developers-dead-simon-williams/

 

Developers are Dead

Last night Capgemini hosted a meet up in the London office where I was lucky enough to be one of the guest speakers. In the Q&A afterwards, a very interesting topic came up about the role of governance and security in DevOps and how the boundaries between

www.linkedin.com

 

question and answer

 

Q1. 시스템 관리자는 자신의 업무에 관련해서 문서화를 잘 해야 한다.

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A. 참

 

Q2. 시스템 관리자는 대부분 이메일과 문자를 통해서 사용자와 소통하기 때문에 발표와 같은 면대면 소통 능력이 꼭 있을 필요는 없다.

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A. 거짓

 

Q3. 시스템 관리자는 새로운 것을 배울 수 있는 능력과 욕구가 있어야 한다.

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A. 참

 

Q4. 시스템 관리자는 대부분 혼자 일하기 때문에 자기주도적 문제 해결 능력은 필요하지만 시간 관리를 잘할 필요는 없다.

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A. 거짓

 

Q5. 시스템 관리자의 특성이 아닌 것은?

1. 시스템 관리자는 참을성이 많아야 한다.

2. 시스템 관리자는 대부분 혼자 일한다.

3. 시스템 관리자는 어려운 기술적인 문제를 해결할 수 있어야 한다.

4. 시스템 관리자는 고객 관리를 한다.

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A. 2 - 시스템 관리자는 대부분 혼자 일한다.

 

Q6. 시스템 관리자의 업무가 아닌 것은?

1. 어떤 patch를 설치할지 경정한다

2. 서버실을 계획하고 운영한다

3. 운영체제 및 application software를 설치하고 관리한다

4. 이메일과 같은 통신 program을 개발한다.

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A. 4 - 이메일과 같은 통신 program을 개발한다.

 

Q7. 작은 회사에서 시스템 관리자는 전화나 팩스 설치 및 수리르 포함된 IT 관련된 모든 일을 처리해야 한다.

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A. 참

 

Q8. 시스템 관리자는 분석적 사고를 가지고 있어야 한다.

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A. 참

 

Q9. 시스템 관리자는 IT 관련 정책을 만들 필요는 없지만 지킬 수 있어야 한다.

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A. 거짓

 

 


4가지 주제

1. Explore the world of the sysadmin - 시스템 관리자의 세상 탐구

2. List the duties of the sysadmin - 시스템 관리자들의 의무⭐

3. List the skill set required of the sysadmin - 시스템 관리자로서 어떤 기술이 필요한지

4. List a few personality traits of a typical sysadmin - 보편적인 시스템 관리자들의 성격적인 특성

 

Who is a sysadmin?

- In a "small company" the sysadmin may be the entire infomation technology staff

  • The Sysadmin may do everything from telephone, to fax, to computer management.
  • Sysadmin may have to order supplies, deal with users, develop software, repair hardware

Who is a sysadmin?(cont'd)

- In a large company the sysadmin may be one memver of a large group.

  • May be responsible for one aspect of the data center operation.
    • Programmers
    • Database Adminstrators
    • Network Administrators
    • Operators (보안 오퍼레이터 etc.)

 

Common sysadmin Traits

- customer service agent

- must be able to communicate with technical and non-technical users

- should be patient, and have a sense of humor

- must be able to solve difficult technical problems

- must be able to work in a group setting

- must document activites in order to reproduce the results

 

Sysadmin tasks

- Plan and manage the machine room environment

  • design machine room
  • specify coding, cabling, power connections, and environmental controls (fire alarm, security)

- Install and maintain operation system software, application software, and patches.

- Determine hardware and software pre-requisites, which patches to install, which services to provide, and which services to disable

 

Sysadmin tasks (cont'd)

- Schedule downtime to perform upgrades/patches, and test devices

  • schedule downtime to manage devices

- Install and maintain user accounts

  • develop acceptable use policy and login-name policy
  • determin password change polices
  • install/configure/manage name services
  • manage licenses

- Determine disk quota

  • police/manage disk space
  • monitor log files

- Train users on software and security

- Ensure that users have access to documentation

- Help users and provide help-desk support and problem tracking system to answer user questions

- Configure network services:

  • printing, file sharing, name service
  • determine file sharing needs and printing polices
  • manage security for shared resources

- Install/maintain system devices, hardware/driver; specify supported devices; determin; determine spares practices.

- Install/configure/manage web servers, configure web access agents

- Configure and maintain business applications

  • web agents
  • e-mail
  • calendar software
  • order/problem tracking software

- Install/configure/manage e-mail software

  • mail transfer agents
  • mail readers

- Configure and manage system security

  • security for business applications,
  • read security mailing lists and CERT notifications,
  • install/configure "firewall" software to limit intruder access,
  • collect evidence in case of successful instrusion and clean up after intrusion

- Configure and maintain connectivity between hosts

  • monitor connectivity
  • troubleshoot connectivity problems
  • investigate complaints of poor response (ex. 속도가 너무 느려요)

- Configure and maintian system backups,

  • determin backup strategy and policies, and
  • configure backup software
  • perform backups
  • monitor backup logs
  • check backup integrity
  • determin disaster survival palns
  • perform restores

- Troubleshoot and repair system problems; and determine, locate, and repair/replace problem components

- Document the system, and develop and maintain documentation on local setup and local polices

 

Required sysadmin skills

- Delegation(위임) and Time Management

- Ethics

- Ability to create/follow Policies and Procedures

- Desire to learn

- Customer Service Attitude

- Knowledge of technical aspects

  • Hardware
  • Software
  • Problem Solving

 

Summary

- Sysadmins are often viewed as "a jack of all trades" (다양한 것을 할 수 있는 능력을 가진 사람을 의미)

  • customer service oriented
  • need to be able to communicate clearly
  • need to be able to solve problems
  • need to be analytical thinkers

 

 

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